Binary code

Binary Code 

Binary Code is a code for computers to mimic text and or computer instructions through a system of 0s and 1s which is involved with every computer system in the world.

And Gate

• The And gate is activated with the use of two ones, one or less ones will not work.

Or Gate

• The OR gate is activated if it has a one in the inputs if not it won't be active

Not Gate 

• The Not gate is activated with the opposite effect. For Example if it is one it will be off and it is 0 it will be on.

Numbers in Binary are represented using a series of zeros and ones (Zero being off and One being on). They are used in a four called a "Nibble" to help I will display so simple binary: 0001 = 1 0010 = 2 0100 = 4 1000 = 8, with these numbers you can go from 1 to 25 past 15 you have to use Bytes. With the small limit of numbers you can go up to 8 numbers and calling it 8 bit or a Byte. Also with Bytes the numbers double as they go up, For Example: 00010000 = 16 00100000 = 32 01000000 = 64 10000000 = 128. You can use these as sums for example 10100000 = 160.If you have a sum like 010 + 010 you carry the one over so it equals 100 instead of 020, however if you do not the space to but the 1 in the sum it causes an overflow in the equation. Becoming more complicated you can start to use letters in Binary Starting with A = 01000001 B = 0

1000010 and so on.

Hex

Hex is used as a simple form of binary. It is used a 16 Number System The first numbers 1-9 are used as numbers but 10-15 are represented as numbers; this can make it quite complicated because 9 + 9 instead of equalling 18 it equals 12  because 18 in the Hex system is represented by 12.

 

 ASCII

ASCII or American Standard Code For Information Interchange is based off the English alphabet has 128 specified characters. Which contains the English Alphabet upper case and lower case (52 Characters), The numbers 0-9, some basic Punctuation Symbols, Some Control Codes that originated from Teletype Machines and a blank space. This all equals to 127 but the 128th Character is of course Null or 00000000. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hardware

CPU

The CPU is a very important component of a computer.The CPU of the computer completes the "Processing" part of the Input-Process-Output, the CPU also has access to the ROM (Read Only Memory and RAM (Random access memory) the point of having access to these to storage units is for the CPU  to receive instructions on what to perform if an operation is requested. The CPU is the core of every computer system and has two main components: the Control unit and the arithmetic and logic unit. The names are a bit of a giveaway:

• The Control unit uses electrical signals to direct the system to execute the instructions in stored programs.
• The ALU carries out all of the arithmetic and logical operations including addition, subtraction and comparisons (For example: equal to less than).

In order to do this a CPU needs access to two things: the main memory (you would usually call this Random access memory or RAM) where the programs are stored an Cache memory which is usually stored either on the CPU or very close to it so it has easy access to the CPU. The Cache Memory is used to store data waiting to be processed by the CPU. Main memory (or RAM) and cache memory are called primary storage and are part of the computer's processing capabilities. Hard drives and other devices such as flash memory drives, solid-state drives etc. are called secondary storage and these hold data to be kept when the computer.

The Bus System

A System Bus  is a single that connects the major components of a computer system. The technique was developed to reduce costs and improve modularity. it was mainly used during the early 70s and late 60s.

Data Protection

Data Protection is Basically protecting specific codes in things Eg. Some features on a program they do this so that another company cannot benefit over there work. Although they may disallow some aspects of data they can authorize users to redesign code to make it better Eg. A level in a Video game.

 

 

 

 

Copyright law

The Definition of Copyright is the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same. Basically it gives authors or creators the right to disallow or allow people to copy or redesign something of which they have done.

 

 

Copyright: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tk862BbjWx4



A Computer System

A Computer System

A computer system is a system of a process to a set of inputs to perform a set of outputs using both hardware and software.

Input- Pressing Forward on the keyboard- Process- Computer figures out what you pressed- Output- Avatar inside game performs that forward moving

Computer Systems

• Game Console
• Washing Machine
• Vacuum Cleaner
• Personal Computer
• Mobile Phones

 What is reliability? 

Reliability is you giving a system data or valuables and relying on it to keep those things and safe and not have a system failure/malfunction to lose your data.

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What is a Computer system?

 

A computer system is a system of which has a set amount of inputs which is set by a combination of software and hardware. The program (output) is then processed and then stored by the computer to be repeated whenever it needs to be repeated.

 

For these Outputs or Programs to be possible the output needs an input which is a power source travelling along thin cables to power the whole system.







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